senger



March 26, 1940. w, SENGER Re. 21,412

TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL MECHANISM Original Filed May 51, 1935 4Shgets-Sheet l INVENTQR ATTORNEY March 26, 1940..

l. SENGER TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL MECHANISM 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 OriginalFiled May 31, 1935 Q.- a \WQQW M 1 I MN A mm QM S m, w 3 i w 0. O 3Q OJ: Q\ a? fimm #Q. o o o S o o R E R m x mm W wt mu w MGR, mu Q3 fin 5 QINVENTO R 6 0M ATTORNEY March 26, 1940. w. t. SENGER 'rnmsmssrou ANDcomm. uncrmmsu Original Filed Ma 31, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 E! E M. Q I

IN VENTOR 56% W a A T I' OQJEY Mal-ch26, 1940. w. I. SENGER 21,412

TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL MECHANISM Original Filed May 31, 1935 4Sheets-Sheet 4 m 6 w NE i m l II- A: F 7

ATTORNEY the required to change from'any a'vail- Reissued 2c, 194

v ,.Re. z1',41z I ED STATES PATENT OFFICE-7 I Transmission in comojmnonamsnr. Werner lrvlng Senger, Madison, Wis., assignor to V GlalloltMachine corporation otWisco "osmium 2,054,141. dated September 15,1930,

8ei'ial No. 24,201, May 31, 1935. Application 7 f0? October 6, 1938,SerialNo. 233,550 g I 53 Claims. (CI. 82-29) This invention relates totransmission and control m, for machine tools, etc.,'and moreparticularly for the spindle transmission of a lathe.

A purpose of the invention is to provide improved and more convenientlyoperated mechanism for the shifting of various elements of atransmission, as for instance a rate changer, a clutch or reverser, anda brake. A further purpose is to provide an improved transmission andcontrol in which rate changes and other operations may be effected bypower, and more particularly by hydraulic power.

A further purpose is to provide an improved device for selecting andpower shifting the elements of a machine tool rate changer, so arrangedthat selective portions of the device cannot be moved for rate selectionexcept at such time as power is available for the shifting, whereby,among other advantages, to obtain a rate indicating device whichinvariably indicates the rate etlect of the rate changer.

A further purpose is to provide an improved rate change device for amachine tool having a rate changer driven through a reverser or motioninterruptor, in which the control mechanism for the rate changer and forthe reverser or interrupter are interrelated or interconnected in apreferred and improved manner, as for instance to prevent a rate changebeing effected except under preferred conditions or positions of thereverser or interruptor. I

A further purpose is to effect an improved control for a transmissionhaving a rate changer and other adjustable devices, as for instance areverser, a brake or an interruptor, in which for the purpose ofeflecting a rate change there is an inter-related operation of the ratechanger and one or more .of the otherdevices, but for other controlmirposes there is an independent operation of the other devices.

A further purpose is to efiect an improved rate change device in which,as an incident to rate changing, the power transmission to the 'rate'changer is. intermpted before shifting the rate changer, and connectedagain immediately control for ,a rate changer having a reversibledriving] connection, in. which the driving connection is interruptedprior to the shifting of the ratecha'nger, and is, immediatelyvreturned, following the, rate change, to drive the rate changer injthesa me direction as before.

]A further to provide an improved shifting device" for a rate changerhaving a serial arrangement oi'dshiftable rate change elements orgroupsof,elementsfin-which theshifting of able rate other available ratewill invariably proceed in a sequence such that the elements or'groupswill be shifted oneat a time in a desired order. I

A further purpose is to provide animproved device for control of aratechanger productive of a relatively large numberof different rates,

in a manner such that selection or a desired rate mechanism whichpermitsof changing directly I from a relatively low toa relatively highspeed,

or vice versa, without shock or damage to the mechanism. 1

A further purpose is to provide an improved rate change device in whicha rate selective device moves through a sequence of positionscorresponding to the sequence of rate effects available yet any numberof rate positions may be passed through in reaching a desired positionwithout effecting any undesired intermediate rates of the driven end ofthe transmission.

A further purpose is to provide an improved control for effecting ratechanges in a machine tool which makes it unnecessary to separatelyoperate the main clutch or other elements .01 the 7 machine during ratechanges.

A further purpose is generally to simplify and improve 'theconstruction, operation and relationship of transmission and controlmechanism of a machine tool, particularly when the transmission includesreverser or interrupter devices, a brake device and a rate changedevice; and still other objects will be apparent from thisspecification.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts asherein illustrated, described and claimed and in such modificationsthereofv as are equivalent to the structure claimed.

In the drawings the same reference characters have been used to indicatethe same parts in each of the several views. 7

Fig. 1 shows a top'view oif'the headstock and s'pindle'drive portion ofa lathe in which the in vention is incorporated, a. coverplate beingremoved to show certain control devices. Fig. 2 shows a partialverticalsection of the samemachine, taken along a line 2-4 of Fig. 1."Fig. 3 is a development of the drive train leading to the spindle ofthe machine on a section.

taken approximately along the line H inFlg. 2. Fig. '4 'is a more orless diagrammatic view showing certain control for the ma- 4. Waste oiland surplus oil from the pump 1| may be used to lubricate thetransmission mechanism shown and other portions of the machine whichrequire lubrication.

Control means for the operation of the sev eral piston devices is asfollows:

A speed selector dial 13, Figs. 1, 2 is provided with markingscorresponding to the spindle speeds available from the transmission andreads against an indicator point 14. Dal 13 is fixed on a shaft 15 uponwhich are also fixed earns 16, 11, 18, Figs. 2, 4, respectively for thecontrol of the piston devices 62, 83, 64. These cams are formed foroperation of pressure releasing poppet valves such as the valves 19arranged adjacent to the cams, the position of the several valves andthe shape of the cams being such that in each of the 12 positions ofspeed dial 13 one of the poppet valves associated with each of the camsis open and the others are closed. The valve positions and cam formsalso provides that during rotation of dial 13 the opening of the one orthe other poppet valve for the speed change units proceeds in a sequencecorresponding to the shifting movements required in order to produce thevarious spindle speeds in numerical order. Also associated with each ofthe piston devices 52, 63, 54 are valve means similar to the valve means80, Fig. 4, which are controlled by the poppet valves 19 to effect thepiston movements corresponding to the operation of the poppet valves.These valve means are substantially the same for each piston device andwill therefore be described in detail only for the piston device 82.

Referring to the valve means 89, and piston device 82, in Fig. 4, fluidis delivered to the device through the valve ports 8|, 82. The piston 65is there shown in its left hand position, which is the position assumedwhenever the cam 16 forces the left hand poppet valve 19 open, as thereshown. But when the cam 16 is turned to open the right hand poppet valve19 the left hand valve closes, and then a sequence of events will occur,resulting in movement of the piston to the right, as follows. Thepressure will then be relieved in the right hand end of the cylinder ofpiston 65 through a port 83 leading to the open poppet valve, oil willflow through a channel 85 from port 8|, and thereupon a blocking valveor plunger 84 is urged to the right by the flow of fluid through thechannel 85, seating the blocking valve 84 to the right and closing thechannel 85 to prevent further leakage from the supply port 8| throughthe poppet valve. A channel 85, continues to supply pressure fluid tothe left hand end of the piston 55, and since there is no pressure onthe right hand end, the piston moves to the right. Two valves 91, 88 arecontinuously spring urged in opposite directions to the positions shownin Fig. 4, but are normally forced to the left and right, respectively,against the spring pressure, by the pressure of fluid acting on thevalve ends, respectively through ports 89, 99. In the positions shownboth valves block any passage of fluid to a port 9| which leads to thenext of the valve devices of the series, but it will be seen that if thevalves were in the normal position a passage exists from port 82 to theport 9| through the annular grooves of. the valves and through theintermediate passage 92. At the start, and during the movement of piston65 to the right, the valve 88 continues in the normal position to theright of the position shown in Fig. 4. But immediately when the righthand poppet valve 19 was opened the fluid pressure holding valve 81 innormal position bleeds of! through port 89 and the open poppet valve andtherefore, during the entire right hand movement of piston 85, the fluidpath past valve 81 is closed. Similarly, during a left hand movement thefluid path would be closed by the valve 88, although the valve 81 wouldthen be open. But when the piston 55 has completed its movement ineither direction, the leak path to the open poppet valve isclosed by thepiston, which then covers the port 83, or a port 92, as the case may be,and the pressure then rises and opens the closed valve 81 or '88,whereby the fluid may pass from port 82 to the port 9| and onv tosimilarly operate the next piston device in the series. By thisarrangement of valves similar to the valve means 89, the speed shifterpiston devices 63, 62, 64 are restricted to act separately one afteranother in the order just stated.

It will be noted that although the piston 86 has three positions,corresponding to the three positions of the gear set 39, 40, 4| theoperation upon opening any one of the three poppet valves 19 associatedwith cam 11 is the same as that just, described, for piston 65. Thepiston 65 moves until it covers the port leading to the open poppetvalve, and except that there are three such ports instead of two, theoperations are identical.

Should it occur that the rate selective adjustment of selector dial 13does not require movement of one or more of the rate change devices III,II, l2 then the action above described does not take place as to thepiston and valves for those devices. The piston remains in previousposition and the valve means corresponding to valve means 80 continue innormal position, permitting the fluid to pass freely to operate the nextdevice in the series, whenever a rate selective movement effects nochange in the positions of the poppet valves of that piston.

The reverser 9 is controlled manually by a hand lever 93, Fig. 2, whichhas a central position where the reverser is disengaged and positions ateither side of central respectively for reverser engagement for thedifferent directions of spindle rotation. The control mechanism is asfollows. Lever 93 is fixed with a sleeve 94 co-axial with shaft 15 butindependently rotatable. Reverser piston 52, Fig. 4, is shifted by fluidderived from a port 95 through two valves'98, 91 which are springpressed against the cams 98, 99, Figs. 2, 4, respectively, each of thecams being fixed on sleeve 94. Cam 98 and valve 96 are of such form andrelationship that when lever 93 is in central position the port 95 isclosed to a port I09 which communicates with the supply port llll of thevalve 91, and the port I 00 then communicates through the grooves andsmall channels shown in Fig. 4 with a drain port I92, whereby to relievethe pressure on piston 52 and permitting the pistons 58, 51 to operateto shift the reverser 9 to central disengaged position. In either of theother positions of lever 93, the valve 96 is positioned to close thedrain port I02 and to supply fluid to the valve 91. Valve 91 and cam 99are of such form and relationship that in the central position of lever93 both ends of piston 52 communicate with ports llll and I08, andtherefore the fluid will drain as described from piston 52, to permitthe clutch 9 to return to neutral position from either engaged position.But in either clutch engaged position of lever 93, one end of the piston52 is connected to the fluid supply port III while the otherendisconnected tothe'drain channels I09, either directly, in theinstance of the port I04, which supplies the one end of the piston, orthrough the small axial bore shown in the valve 91, in theinstance ofthe port I09, which supplies the other end of the piston. By the meansdescribed the reverser-interruptor clutch 9 may be shifted by fluidpressure to any of its. three operative positions accordingly as handlever 99 is correspondingly positioned.

Before the spindle rate changer is shifted to effect any change inspeed, the reverser clutch 9 is disengaged and the spindle brake 49 isengaged to stop or to slow down spindle rotation. This result isobtained in the following manner.

The fluid from pump H for operation of'the rate change devices I0, II,I! is derived through a timer device generally denoted by the numeralI09, Figs. 1, 4 and which includes a plunger valve I01 continuouslyurged by fluid pressure on the small end of the valve. The plunger valveI01 is, however, normally held, by means of fluid pressure on the largeend of valve I01, in a position for a port I00, which is connected tothe rate change shifters 92, 99, 94 to receive fluid from a supply portH0. The pressure on the larger valve end is derived from a port IIIthrough an adjustable needle valve device II2. A poppet valve II3 may beopened to relieve the pressure acting on the larger end, upon which thevalve I01 is immediately forced by the pressure on the small end to aposition where no fluid is supplied to the port I09, the port I00 thenbeing connected to a drain port I 09, and the valve does not return tonormal position again until after an interval in which suflicient fluidcan leak through the needle valve II! to force the valve back againstthe pressure on the small end. Mounted on the end of the shaft 15 is anotched cam II4, Figs. 1, 4 the notches of which are so positionedrelative to the cams 19, 11, 19 and speed dial 19 that in each speedposition of the dial and shaft the exposed end of poppet valve H9 isopposite a notch; and the poppet valve is closed. But in passing fromany one to another speed position the end of the poppet valve will beforced back by at least one of the intermediate high portions of camII4, the poppet valve will be opened, and the valve I01 will move to theposition where the port I09 receives no fluid and is open to the drainport I09. Immediately the speed dial and shaft 19 have arrived at thedesired speed position the poppet valve end again is opposite a notchand the poppet valve closes, but as previously pointed out, valve I01remains in the position draining the port I09 and the speed changepistons until sufllcient fluid has leaked through the needle valve II!to force the valve I01 back to the position where ports I00 and I09again communicate with one another. This interval can be varied by theadjustment of the needle valve II2, but is always suflicient for theoperation of the reverser 9 to disengage position and for applicationand release of the spindle brake 49, before the start of the movement ofthe speed change pistons, these operations being effected as follows.

The reverser operating piston device 9| is supplied with fluid throughport I II as previously stated. Port IOI receives fluid from the lastoperated of the rate change devices 92, 93, 94, and therefore, when theport I09 of the supply line leading to the shifter pistons is connectedwith the drain port I09 as described, the pressure is also relieved onthe reverser piston 92, and

the reverser pistons 99, 91 then immediately shift the reverser tocentral disengaged position. And even after fluid is again supplied tothe port I00 by the return of the valve I01 to its normal po-- sition,the reverser supply port IOI will receive no fluid until the last of theseries of rate shifter piston devices 92, 99, 94 has operated, by reasonof the explained mode of operation of the valve means 90. It will thusbe seen that, preceding each rate change the reverser 9 will bedisengaged, and will not engage again until the rate change iscompleted, after which the reverser piston 92 will again be suppliedwith fluid to overcome the pistons 99, 91, whereby to return thereverser to whatever position it occupied, before the rate change wasstarted, since the reverser direction valve 91 has not been disturbed bythe rate change operation.

As stated, the brake 49 is applied to spindle I to stop the spindlebefore each speed shift. The operation is as follows. The brakereleasing pistons 99, 90 are supplied with fluid from a 'port III, Fig.4, which derives its fluid from the port I09 of the timer device I09,and therefore when the timer device operates, preceding each ratechange, to connect the port I09 to the drain port I09, as previouslydescribed, the pistons 99, 90 then fall to oppose the continuouslysupplied pistons 9|, 9Ia. and the brake become effective. But since theport H9 is connected with the supply line leading from port I00 to thefirst of the speed shift devices 92, 93, 94 the brake will be releasedagain after the operation of the timer device I09 and before orsimultaneously with the operation of the flrst of the rate changedevices. Brake 49 is also operated to stop the spindle quickly, and tolock it in position when the reverser control hand lever 99 is moved tothe cen tral position to disengage the reverser 9. This is accomplishedby directing the fluid supply to the port H9 of the brake releasepistons 59, 90 through ports H9, H1 of reverser valve 99. When valve 99is moved to the position, shown in Fig. 4, corresponding to thedisengaged position of reverser 9, then the line leading from port II1to brake pistons 99, 90 is .connected to the drain port H9, and thecontinuously supplied pistons 9|, 9Ia then operate to apply the brake.

The connections from port I09 through ports H9, 1 as just described alsooperate to make it impossible to effect a rate change when the reversercontrol lever 93 is positioned in the central position for disengagementof reverser clutch 9. The speed shift devices, 92, 93, 94 as well asbrake 49 are supplied with fluid through port I I1, and when that portis connected to the drain port II9 as just described no rate change cantake place.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the manner ofreverser clutch and brake operation depends upon whether such operationoriginates in the movement of the rate selector member 19 or in thecontrol lever 93. When operation is from lever 93 either the reverserclutch or the brake is engaged. But when the operation is from thespeedselector device it occurs first that the reverser clutch is disengagedat substantially the same time that the brake is engaged, thus quicklyinterrupting the drive. Following this the brake is disengaged and boththe brake and reverser clutch remain disengaged during the engagement ofthe rate change units I0, II, I2, in their new positions. When the brakeand clutch are both disengaged friction or oil drag between the plates20, II normally causes a slow impositive rotation of shaft 9 and theshafts driven therefrom, which prevents the ends of engaging rate changeelements from abutting in positions which might delay their engagement,and expedites the rate change operation.

Itis notdesirable to permit the speed change dial I3 to be moved attimes when the port I II is connected to the drain port II9, as justdescribed whereby there is no fluid available for the shifting of thespeed change devices. Means are therefore provided, preventing movementof the speed change dial, and of shaft 15, when reverser control lever99 is in central position, as follows. A cam member II9, Fig. 2, isfixed to move with the hand lever 99 for movement of a spring pressedplunger I20 which normally operates as a detent for the dial II,engaging with suitable notches in the dial to define the speede'flecting position thereof. But in the central position of the lever99, a high point on the cam H9 provides an abutment preventing theplunger I20 from moving out of the notch in the dial I3, and the dial 12cannot be turned. In the other positions of the lever 93 suitablenotches or low points in the cam II9 permit plunger I20 to operatenormally to move out of its dial notch, and the dial and shaft may thenbe turned to efl'ect a rate change.

The dial I3 and shaft 15 are also locked to prevent movement in theevent that, for any reason, the pressure of the fluid supply falls belowthe point where it will effect the control operations previouslydescribed. For this result there is provided a disc I2I, Figs. 2, 4fixed on shaft 15 and having notches adapted to be engaged by a springpressed plunger I22, in any speed position of the dial l3 and shaft 15,and to prevent shaft movement when engaged. The plunger spring iscontinuously opposed by fluid pressure derived directly from pump IIthrough the port I23, and therefore only engages the notches when thefluid pressure fails for any reason, as, for instance when there is nopower supplied to the drive shaft I.

It will be understood that the ports or channels of the various pistonand other devices are suitablyconnected by piping and pipe fittingsindicated by the line connections shown in Fig. 4. The connectingpiping, for clearness, is not shown in the other views.

An illustrative cycle of operation of the transmission and controldevice is as follows. As-

suming that rotation of spindle I has been stopped by centrallypositioning the hand lever 93, Fig. 2, whereby reverser 9, Fig. 3, iscentrally positioned for interruption of the drive train and spindlebrake 46 is engaged, as previously described. If now it is desired tostart the spindle rotating at a new speed the operation may proceed asfollows: Lever 93 is shifted in the one or the other direction,according to the direction of rotation desired, whereupon cam 98, Fig. 4shifts valve 96 to close the port II1 against the drain port III, at thesame time connecting port I" to pressure fluid through port I I6. Thisimmediately releases brake 46 by the application of pressure fluid topistons 59, through port H6, and supplies pressure to the severalcontrol valves 60 respectively for the different rate shifter pistons65, 96, and 91, and finally supplies pressure fluid to the ports 95 andI00 which are now connected.

The same movement of hand lever 93 also moves cam 99, Fig. 4 to shiftvalve 91, whereby to connect the port I00 through the one or themaintains until the speed .5 other of ports I 04, III to the reversershifter piston 52, shifting that piston in the desired reverserdirection and overcoming the smaller continuously supplied pistons 56and 51. This completes the operation of releasing the brake 46 andstarting rotation of spindle I, which will now be rotating in thedesired direction at the speed indicated by the speed selector dial I3,Fig. 1.

If it is now desired to change the spindle speed the operation of thedevice for such effect is as followszspeed selector dial I9, Fig. 1 isturned in either direction until the desired new speed is indicated bythe pointer I4, whereby to position the cams 16, 11, I6, Fig. 4, toposition the several poppet valves 19 in a position effective to controlthe several valve devices 80 to apply pressure to move the pistons 65,66, 61 to effect the necessary new position combination of the speedchange devices I0, II, I2, Fig. 3, as previously described.

As soon as dial I3 is moved out of its previous speed position the camII4, Fig. 1 operates to open the poppet valve III, Fig. 3, to releasethe pressure continuously supplied to the lower end of the plunger valveI01, Fig. 4, through the needle valve device 2, whereupon the pressurecontinuously supplied to the other end of the plunger valve shifts thevalve downwardly in Fig. 4, to the position there shown, thus openingport I09 to a drain channel I09 and releasing the pressure on each ofthe several shifter pistons 65, 66, 61, on the reverser piston 52whereby the continuously supplied pistons 56, 5! become effective toshift reverser 9 to central non-driving position, and on brake pistons59, 60, whereby continuously supplied pistons 6|, 6Ia become effectiveto apply the brake 46. This condition selector dial 13 has remained inthe new speed position, closing poppet valve I I3, sufficiently long forthe needle valve II2 to again supply sufllcient fluid to force theplunger valve I01 upwardly in Fig. 4 to the position again closing drainport I09 from port I08 and connecting port I09 to the supply port Whenport I08 is again connected to the supply port, as just described, itfirst occurs that pressure fluid reaches brake pistons 59, 60, releasingthe brake 46 and permitting such slow rotation of the spindle train asmay be brought about by the relatively slight drag of the interengagedclutch plates 20, 2|, Fig. 3. Next it occurs that the valve shifterplungers 65, 66, 61 are shifted one after another to effect the position combination of rate change devices I0, II, l2 required for the newspeed, the order of shifting being determined by the interconnection ofvalves 00, as previously herein described. Finally, and following theshifting of the last shifter plunger required to speed, pressure isagain applied, through ports 95, I00, MI, and I04 (or I05) to shiftreverser piston 52 to again eflect the reverser position determined bythe position of the hand lever 93 and'the valve 91 controlled thereby.

Any spindle speed within the range of the machine may be obtained asdescribed in either direction, the direction being determined by theposition of lever 93 to the one or the other side of its centralposition, and in shifting the lever from forward to reverse position thebrake 46 acts at the intermediate lever position by reason of therelease of pressure from brake'pistons 59, 60 through the opening ofdrain port III to the be moved to effect the new of valve 08. By thisoperation of brake 40 the spindle transmission is relieved of some ofthe strains which might otherwise be set up during reversal.

To stop the spindle rotation, lever 03 is moved to its central position,whereby valve ll is moved to the position shown in Fig. 4, and pressureon reverser piston 82 is relieved through the connection of port II] todrain port HI as previ-' ously described, the pressure from port H5acting on brake pistons 59, I being relieved at the same time, therebypermitting reverser pistons ii, 51 to shift the reverser to its centralposition and brake pistons I, Bla to simultaneously apply brake 48.

It is to be noted also that if the selector shaft II is stopped in aposition between any speed positions thereof the cam ill will maintainthe poppet valve III in open position, and the spin dle will then bestopped and the brake applied without effecting a speed change, the sameas though the spindle were stopped by operation of lever 93. This is anadvantage for certain operations. In such case lever 93 is used only forspindle reverse.

What isclaimed is:

1. In a machine tool having a transmission including a rate changerproviding a plurality of shiftable speed change devices seriallyarranged, the combination of a plurality of power operable shifterdevices respectively for the diil'erent speed change devices, a rateselector device including a chart havingmarkings indicating variousrates corresponding to different position combinations of said speedchange devices and an indicator movable relative to said chart, a powertrain connectible with said shifter devices, and control means for theconnection of said power train to,

operate said shifter devices in accordance with the relative position ofsaid chart and indicator, said control means including means restrictingthe operation of said shifter devices to operation one at a time.

2. In a machine tool having a transmission including a rate changerproviding a plurality of shiftable speed change devices seriallyarranged, the combination of a plurality of fluid operable pistondevices respectively connected for the operation of different of saidspeed change devices, a rate selector device including a chart havingmarkings indicating various rates corresponding to diil'erent positioncombinations of said speed change devices and an indicator movablerelative to said chart, a source of hydraulic pressure connectible withsaid piston devices, and control means including valve means operablefrom said selector device and controlling the connection of saidpressure source to operate said piston device in accordance with therelative positions of said chart and indicator, said control meansincluding means restricting the resulting operation of said pistondevices to a predetermined sequence. one at a time.

3. In a machine tool having a transmission including a rate changerproviding a plurality of shiftable speed change devices seriallyarranged, the combination of a plurality of power operable shifterdevices respectively for the different speed change devices, a rateselector device including a chart having markings indicating variousrates corresponding to different position combinations of said speedchange devices and an indicator movable relative to said chart, a powertrain connectible with said shifter devices, and control 21,412 port m mthe resulting intermediate position' means for the connection of saidpower train to operate said shifter devices in accordance with therelative position of said chart and indicator, said control meansincluding means preventing the connection of said power train foroperation of any of said shifter devices during relative ad- Justment ofsaid chart and indicator.

4. In a machine tool having a transmission in cluding a rate changerproviding a plurality of shiftable speed change devices seriallyarranged, the combination of a plurality oi fluid operable pistondevices respectively connected for the operation of difl'erent of saidspeed change devices, a rate selector device including a chart havingmarkings indicating various rates corresponding to diflerent positioncombinations of said speed change devices and an indicator movablerelative to said chart, a source of hydraulic pressure connectible withsaid piston devices, and control means including valve means operablefrom said selector device and controlling the connection of saidpressure source to operate said piston devices in accordance with therelative position of said chart and indicator, said control meansincluding means preventing the connection of said pressure source foroperation of any of said piston devices during relative adjustment oisaid chart and indicator.

means for the connection of said power train to operate said shifterdevices in accordance with the reative position of said chart andindicator. said control means including means delaying the connection ofsaid power train for operation of any of-said shifter devices duringrelative adjustment of said chart and indicator. 7

6. In a machine tool having a transmission including a rate changerproviding a plurality of shiftable speed change devices seriallyarranged, the combination'of a plurality of fluid operable pistondevices respectively connected for the operation of different oi saidspeed change devices, a rate selector device including a chart havingmarkings indicating various rates corresponding to different positioncombinations of said speed change devices and an indicator movablerelative to said chart, a source of hydraulic pressure connectible withsaid piston devices, and control means including valve means operablefrom said selector device and controlling the connection of saidpressure source to operate said piston devices in accordance with therelative positions of said chart and indicator, said control meansincluding means delaying the connection of said pressure source foroperation of any of said piston devices during relative adjustment ofsaid chart and indicator.

7. In a machine tool the combination of a feed transmission and aspindle transmission, one of said transmissions comprising a pluralityof shiftable rate change devices serially arranged and motioninterruptor means adjustable to simultaneously interrupt both saidtransmissions,

shifter means for adjusting said motion interruptor means and shiftingsaid rate change devices, a rate selector including a chart andindicator means movable relative to said chart, a power train foroperation of some of said shifter means, control means for altering theconnection of said power train and shifter means to shift some of saidrate change devices in accordance with the relative position of saidchart and indicator means, and other control means operative uponrelative movement of said chart and indicator meansto alter theconnection of said power train and shifter means to shift said motioninterruptor means to interrupting adjustment.

8. In a machine tool the combination of a feed transmission and aspindle transmission, one of said transmissions comprising seriallyarranged shiftable rate change devices and motion interruptor meansadjustable for simultaneous interruption of both said transmissions, offluid operable means for adjusting said motion interruptor means andshifting some of said rate change devices, a rate selector including achart and indicator means movable relative to said chart, a source ofpress'urefluid for operation of said fluid operable means, valve meansoperable to alter the connection of said pressure source and fluidoperable means to shift some of said rate change devices in accordancewith the relative position of said chart and indicator means, and othercontrol means operative upon relative movement of said chart andindicator means to alter the connection of said pressure source andfluid operable means to shift said motion interruptor to interruptingadjustment.

9. In a machine tool the combination of a feed transmission and aspindle transmission, one of said transmissions including a plurality ofshiftable rate change devices serially arranged and motion interruptormeans alternatively operable for simultaneous connection or simultaneousinterruption of both said transmissions, power operable shifter meansfor adjusting said motion interuptor and shifting some of said ratechange devices, a rate selector including a chart and indicator meansmovable relative to said chart, a power train for operation of saidshifter means, control means operative for the connection of said powertrain and shifter means to operate some of said rate change devices inaccordance with the relative position of said chart and indicator means,a second control means operable upon relative movement of said chart andindicator means to alter the connection of said power train and shiftermeans for shifting said interruptor means to a position interruptingboth said transmissions, and a third control means operable subsequentto the shifting of said rate change devices to alter the connection ofsaid power train and shifter means to shift said interruptor means to anadjustment connecting both said transmissions.

10. In a machine tool the combination of a feed transmission and aspindle transmission, one of said transmissions comprising a pluralityof shiftable rate change devices serially arranged and motioninterruptor means alternatively adjustable for simultaneous connectionor simultaneous interruption of both said transmissions, fluid operableshifter means for adjustment of said motion interruptor means andshifting some of said rate change devices, a rate selector including achart and indicator means movable relative to said chart, a source ofpressure fluid for operation of said shifter means, a first controlmeans including valve means controlling the connection of said pressuresource and shifter means to shift some of said devices in accordancewith the relative position of said chart and indicator means, a secondcontrol means operative upon relative movement of said chart andindicator means to alter the connection of said pressure sourceand'shifter means for adjusting said interruptor means to a positioninterrupting both said transmissions and a third control means operablesubsequent to the shifting of said rate change devices to alter theconnection of said source and shifter means to shift said interruptor toan adjustment connecting both said transmissions.

11. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a motion reverser having a motion interrupting adjustment anda rate changer comprising a plurality of speed change elements shiftableinto a variety of diflerent position combinations productiverespectively of different speeds, a control member movable to a varietyof positions respectively corresponding to different of said positioncombinations, connections operative in each of said positions of saidmember to effect one of said element position combinations, saidconnections being operative to effect another element positioncombination when said member is moved from one of said positions toanother, and connections operative upon said member movement from one toanother positin to shift said motion reverser to motion interruptingadjustment.

12. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a motion reverser having a motion interrupting adjustment anda rate changer comprising a plurality of speed change elements shiftableinto a variety of different position combinations respectivelyproductive of different speeds, power operable shifter means foradjusting said reverser and shifting said elements, power means for saidpower operable devices, a selector member movable to a variety ofpositions respectively corresponding to different of said elementposition combinations, means operative in each of said positions of saidselector member to alter the connection of said power means and shiftermeans to effect the corresponding element position combination, andmeans operative upon movement of said selector member from one toanother of its positions to alter the connection of said power means andshifter means to effect the motion interrupting reverser adjustment,

13. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a motion reverser having a motion interrupting adjustment anda rate changer comprising a plurality of speed change elements shiftableinto a variety of posisition combinations respectively productive ofdifferent speeds, fluid operable devices for adjusting said reverser andshifting said elements, a selector member movable to a variety ofpositions respectively corresponding to diflterent element positioncombinations, 2, pressure fluid supply source, valve means operative ineach of said positions of said selector member to effect a connection ofsaid pressure source and fluid operable devices to effect the elementposition combination corresponding to the selector position, and meansoperative upon movement of said selector member from one to another ofsaid positions to alter the connection of said pressure source and fluidoperable devices to effect the motion interrupting adjustment ,of thereverser.

14. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding motion reverser means having a motion interrupting positionand a rate changer comprising a plurality of speed change elementsshiftable into a variety of different position combinations productiverespectively of different speeds, a control member movable to a varietyof positions respectively corresponding to diil'erent positioncombinations of said elements, connections operative in each of saidpositions of said control member to eflect one oi said element positioncombinations, said connections being operative to eflect another elementposition combination upon movement of said member from one of saidpositions to another, connections operative upon said member movementfrom one to another position to shift said motion reverser means fromeither previous engaged position to interrupting position, andconnections operative subsequent to said change in element position toreturn said reverser means to said previous engaged position.

15. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding motion reverser means having a motion interrupting positionand a rate changer comprising a plurality of speed change elementsshiftable into a variety of diiIerent position combinations respectivelyproductive of difl'erent speeds, power operable devices for shiftingsaid reverser means and elements, power means connectible with saidpower operable devices, a selector movable to a variety of positionsrespectively corresponding to diflerent of said element positioncombinations,.means operative in each of said positions of said selectorto connect the power means with some 01 said devices to eiiect theelement position combination corresponding to the selector position,means operative upon movement of said selector from one to another ofsaid positions to change the connection of said power means and devicesto shift said reverser means from either previous engaged position tosaid interrupting position, and

means operative subsequent to the shifting of a said elements in each ofsaid positions or said selector to change the connection 01 said powermeans and devices for return of the reverser means to said previousengaged position,

16. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding motion reverser means having a motion interrupting positionand a rate changer comprising a plurality of speed change elementsshiitable into a variety of position combinations respectivelyproductive of diil'erent speeds, fluid operable devices for shittingsaid reverser means and elements, a selector movable to a variety ofpositions respectively corresponding to different of said elementposition combinations, a pressure fluid supply source for operation ofsaid devices, valve means operative in each or said positions of saidselector to effect a connection of said pressure source and devices toeflect the element position combination corresponding to the selectorposition, means operative upon movement of said selector from one toanother of said positions to alter the connection of said pressuresource and devices to shift said reverser means from either previousengaged position to interrupting position, and other means operative ineach of the positions of said selector subsequent to the shifting ofsaid elements to alter the connection of said pressure source anddevices for return of the reverser means to said previous engagedposition.

17. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a portion having a motion interrupting position and a ratechanger comprising a plurality of speed change elemen shiftable into avariety or position combinations respectively, effective for differentspeeds, brake means, operative on said transmission, power operabledevices for shifting said portion, said 5 elements, and said brakemeans, a selector movable to a variety of positions respectivelycorresponding to diflerent of said position combinations, a power sourcefor operation of said devices, control means positioned in accordancewith the position of said selector to connect, said power source anddevices to efl'ect the position combination of said elementscorresponding to the position of the selector, control means operativeupon movement oi said selector from one position to another to altertheconnection of said power source and devices to effect the motioninterrupting position of said portion, and control means operative ineach of said selector positions to connect said power source and devicesto apply said brake means substantially immediately subsequent to theshifting of said portion.

18. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a portion having a motion interrupting position and a ratechanger comprising a plurality of speed change elements shiftable into avariety of position combinations respectively efiective for diflerentspeeds, brake means operative on said transmission, fluid operabledevices for shifting said portion, said elements, and said brake means,a selector movable to a variety of positions respectively correspondingto different of said element position combinations, a source of fluidpressure supply for said devices, valve means positioned in accordancewith the position of said selector to apply said pressure source to saiddevices to eifect the position combination of said elementscorresponding to the position of the selector, valve means operativeupon movement of said selector member from one to another of saidpositions to alter the connection of said pressure source to effect themotion interrupting position of said portion, and valve means operativein each of said selector positions to connect said pressure source andde- .vices to apply said brake means substantially immediately followingthe shifting of said portion.

19. In a lathe the combination of a transmission mechanism including aportion having a motion interrupting position, a rate changer comprisinga plurality of speed change elements shiftable into a variety ofposition combinations respectively efiective for different speeds, and arotatable work spindle, a brake operative on said transmission, poweroperable devices for shifting said portion, said elements, and saidbrake, a speed selector movable to a variety of positions respectivelycorresponding to difierent of said element position combinations, apower source for operation 01 said devices, control means operative inaccordance with the position of said selector to connect said powersource and devices to effect the element position combinationcorresponding to the position of the selector, control means operativeupon movement of said selector from one to another of its'positions toalter the connection of said source and devices to effect the motioninterrupting position of said portion, and control means operative ineach of said selector positions to connect said power source, anddevices to apply said brake substantially immediately subsequent to theshifting of said portion.

20. In a lathe having a rotatable work spindle I and a feed transmissionthe combination of a transmission mechanism including a portion having amotion interrupting position, a plurality of speed change elementsshiftable into a variety of position combinations respectively effectivefor different speeds, a rotatable work spindle and a drive member forsaid feed transmission, all in the order recited, a brake operative onsaid elements and drive member, power operable devices for shifting saidportion, said elements, and said brake, a speed selector movable to'avariety of positions respectively corresponding to different of saidelement position combinations, a power means for operation of saiddevices, and control means operative at each movement of said selectorfrom one to another of said positions to alter the connection of saidpower means and devices to shift said portion to interrupting positionand substantially simultaneously therewith to shift said brake tobraking position, and thereafter to effect the shifting of said elementsto the position combination corresponding to the new position of theselector.

21. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a portion having a motion interrupting position and a ratechanger comprising a plurality of speed change elements shiftable into avariety of position combinations respectively effective for differentspeeds, a brake operative on said transmission, power operable devicesfor shifting said portion, said elements, and said brake, a selectormovable to a variety of positions respectively corresponding todiiferent of said position combinations, a power source for operation ofsaid devices; and control means operative at each movement of saidselector from one to another of said positions to alter the connectionof said power source and devices to effect movement of said portion tointerrupting position and substantially simultaneously therewith amovement of said brake to braking position, thereafter to release saidbrake and eifect the shifting of said elements to the positioncombination corresponding to the new position of the selector, andsubsequently to return said portion to motion transmitting position.

22. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a portion having a motion interrupting position and a ratechanger comprising a plurality of speed change elements shiftable into avariety of position combinations respectively effective for diiferentspeeds, a brake operative on said transmission, fluid operable devicesfor shifting said portion, diiferent of said elements, and said brake, aselector movable to a variety of positions respectively corresponding todiflerent of said element position combinations, a source of fluidpressure supply for said devices; and control means including valvemeans operative at each movement of said selector from one to another ofsaid positions to alter the connection of said pressure source anddevices to effect movement of said portion to interrupting position, andsubstantially simultaneously therewith a movement of said brake tobraking position, thereafter to release said brake and eifect theshifting of said elements to the position combination corresponding tothe new position of the selector, and immediately subsequently to returnsaid portion to motion transmitting position.

23. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a feed transmission and a spindle transmission, saidtransmission mechanism including a portion having a positionsimultaneously operative to interrupt both said transmissions, a ratechanger comprising a plurality of rate change elements shiftable into avariety of position combinations respectively.

effective for diiferent rates, a brake operative on said transmissionmechanism, power operable devices for shiftin said portion, saidelementsfand said brake, a power means for operation of said devices, aselector movable to a variety of positions respectively corresponding todilferent of said element position combinations; and control meansoperative at each movement of said selector from one of said positionsto another to alter the connection of said power means and devices toeffect movement of said portion to interrupting position andsubstantially simultaneously therewith a movement of said brake tobraking position and thereafter to eflect a shifting of said elements tothe position combination corresponding to the new position of saidselector.

24. In a lathe having a rotatable work spindle and a feed transmissionthe combination of a 7 transmission mechanism including a portion havinga motion interrupting position, a plurality of speed change elementsshiftable into a variety of position combinations respectively eifectivefor different speeds, a rotatable work spindle and a drive member forsaid feed transmission, a brake operative on said elements and drivemember, power operable devices for shifting said portion, said elements,and said brake, a speed selector movable to a variety of positionsrespectively corresponding to different of said element positioncombinations, a power means for operation of said devices; and controlmeans operative at each movement of said selector from one to another ofsaid positions to alter the connection of said power means and saiddevices to effect movement of said portion to interrupting position andsubstantially simultaneously therewith a movement of said brake tobraking position and thereafter to release said brake and effect theshifting of said elements to the position combination corresponding tothe new position of the selector, and subsequently to return saidportion to motion transmitting position.

25. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a feed transmission and a spindle transmission, saidtransmission mechanism includ ng a portion having a positionsimultaneously operative to interrupt both said transmissions, a ratechanger in one of said transmissions comprising a plurality of ratechange elements shiftable into a variety of position combinationsrespectively eifective for diiferent rates and a brake operative on saidrate changer, power operable devices for shifting said portion, for saidelements, and said brake, a power means for operation of said devices, aselector movable to a variety of positions respectively corresponding todifferent of said element position combinations; and control meansoperative at each movement of said selector from one of said positionsto another to alter the connection of said power means and devices toeffect movement of said portion to motion interrupting position andsubstantially simultaneously therewith a movement of said brake tobraking position, thereafter to release said brake and effect theshifting of said elements to the position combination corresponding tothe new position of said selector, and subsequently to return saidportion to motion transmitting position.

26. In a machine. tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a motion reverser having a motion interrupting position andother of said positions to alter the connection of said power source anddevices to eilect movement of said reverser from either previous drivingpodtion to motion interrupting position and substantially simultaneouslytherewith a movement of said brake to braking position, and thereafterto eifect the shifting of said elements to the position combinationcorresponding to the new position of the selector and to release saidbrake, and subsequently to return said reverser V to its previousdriving position.

2'1. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a feed transmission and a spindle transmission, saidtransmission mechanism including a drive mechanism adjustable to aplurality of positions respectively eflecting opposite drive directionsand to a motion interrupting position effective on both saidtransmissions. a rate changer including a plurality of rate changeelements shiftable to a variety of position combinations respectivelyeffecting different speeds, and a movable brake effective on both saidtransmissions, power operable devices for shifting said drive mechanism,said elements and said brake, power means for operation of said devices,a selector movable to a variety of positions respectively correspondingto diflerent of said position combinations; and control means operativeat each movement of said selector from one to another of said posittionsto alter the connection of said power means and devices to adjust saiddrive mechanism to motion interrupting position and substantiallysimultaneously therewith to apply said brake, and thereafter to eflectthe shifting of said elements to the position combination correspondingto the new position of said selector and to release said brake, andsubsequently to return said drive mechanism to driving position.

28. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a device having a motion interrupting position, a shiftablerate change device productive of a series of rates including a highrate, a low rate, and a plurality of intermediate rates, and a brakedevice, power operable shifters for shifting each of said devices, powermeans for operation of said shifters, a selector having a plurality ofpositions respectively corresponding to the different rates of saidseries, and control means operative upon movement of said selector fromone to another of said positions to alter the connection of said powermeans to effect movement of each of said shifters in predeterminedsequence and direction, and to effect adjustment of said rate changer toa speed position corresponding to the new position of said selector.

29. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a shiftable reverser device, a shiftable rate change deviceproductive of a series of rates including a high rate, a low rate, and aplurality of intermediate rates and a brake device. power operableshifters for shifting each of said devices. power means for operation ofsaidshifters, a selector having a plurality of positions respectivelycorresponding to the different rates of said series, and control meansoperative upon movement of said selector from one to another of saidpositions to apply said power means to effect movement of each of saidshifters in predetermined sequence and direction, and to effectadjustment of said rate changer to a speed position corresponding to thenew position of said selector.

30. A machine tool as specified in claim 9 including other control meansoperable for shifting said interruptor to either of its positionsindependently of the operation of said rate change devices.

31. A machine tool as specified in claim including other control meansoperable for selectively shifting said reverser means to any of itspositions independently of the operation of said element shiftingdevices.

32. A machine tool as specified in claim 21 including other controlmeans operable for shifting said portion to either of its positionsindependently of the operation of said selector.

33. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a rate changer having a plurality of rate change elementsshiftable into a variety of position combinations respectively ofdifferent rate eifect, a power source, power operable shifter devicesconnected with the respective rate change elements, control means forconnecting said power source with said shifter devices selectively toeffect one or another of said position combinations and including amovable selector device, and means preventing movement of said selectordevice whenever said power source is inoperative.

34. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a rate changer having a plurality of rate change elementsshiftable into a. variety of position combinations respectivelyproductive of diflerent rates, power operable shifter devicesrespectively for different of said elements. a power source having aninterruptible connection for driving said transmission, driving andcontrol means for operating said shifter devices selectively to effectone or another of said position combinations and including' a moveableselector device, and means preventing movement of said selector devicewhenever said power source connection is interrupted.

35. In combination, a transmission mechanism including rate changeelements shiftable into a variety of position combinations respectivelyproductive of different transmission rates and a motion interrupter, aplurality of power operable devices respectively connected for operationof different of said elements and for operation of said interruptor, apower source connectible for operation of each of said devices, aselector device including members relatively movable to differentpositions respectively corresponding to difierent of said elementposition combinations, selective control means operative from saidrelative movement to effect different connection combinations of theelement operating devices and power source respectively corresponding todifferent of said element position combinations, other control meansoperative from said relative movement in advance oi. each of saidconnection combinations to connect said power source with theinterruptor operating device to move said interruptor to motioninterrupting position, and means operative upon the shifting of saidelements from one to another of said position combinations to returnsaid lnterruptor to motion transmitting position.

36. A transmission and control mechanism as specified in claim 35,including control mechanism operative upon relative movement of saidselector members to limit the resulting power connection of said elementshifting devices to a sequence excluding simultaneous power connectionof some of said devices and another thereof.

37. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a rate changer having a plurality of rate change elementsshiftable into a variety of position combinations respectivelyproductive of diil'erent rates. power operable shifter devices for saidelements, a power source having an interruptible connection for drivingsaid transmission, power means connectible for operating said shifterdevices, control means for connecting said power means to operate saidshifter devices selectively from said power means to effect one oranother of said element position combinations and including a movablerate selector, means preventing movement of said selector whenever saidpower source is interrupted, and other means preventing movement of saidselector whenever said power means is inoperative.

38. In a machine tool the combination of a feed transmission and aspindle transmission, one of said transmissions including a membershiftable for a plurality of different transmission effects, a selectordevice including a part movable to different positions respectivelycorresponding to different of said transmission effects, a poweroperable shifter for said member, a power source. and control means forthe connection of said source and shifter including means forestablishing diilerent of said effects in accordance with the positionof said selector part, said control means including means preventing theconnection of said source and shifter during movement of said selectorpart from one to another of its positions.

39. In a machine tool the combination of a feed transmission and aspindle transmission, one of said transmissions including a membershiftable for a plurality of different tron effects, a selector deviceincluding a part moveable to different positions respectivelycorresponding to diilerent of said ton effects, a power operable shifterfor said member, a power source, and control means for the connection ofsaid source and shifter including means for establishing different ofsaid effects in accordance with the position of said selector part, saidcontrol means including means operative from movement of said selectorpart for delaying the connection of said source and shifter for apredetermined interval following movement of said selector part fromoneto another of its positions.

40. In a machine tool the combination of a feed transmission and aspindle traon, one of said transmissions including a member shiftablefor a plurality of different on eflects, a selector device including apart movable to different positions respectively corresponding todifferent of said traon effects, a power operable shifter for saidmember, a power source, and control means for the connection of saidsource and shifter including means for establishing diilerentof saideffects in accordance with the position of said selector part, saidcontrol means including means operative from movement of said selectorpart for delaying connection of said source and shifter during movementof said selector part from one to another of its positions and for apredetermined interval thereafter.

41. A machine tool as specified in claim 28, including other controlmeans for operation of said interrupting device independently ofoperation of said rate change device.

42. A machine tool as specified in claim 29, including other controlmeans for operation of said reverser device independently of theoperation of said rate change device.

43. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission providing ashiftable driving member having right and left driving positions andanother driving position therebetween, said driving positions beingrespectively productive of different driving eflects, said member alsohaving intermediate non-driving positions between said other positionand said right and left positions respectively, and means for shiftingsaid member including a selector shiftable to positions respectivelycorresponding to diflerent of said driving positions of said member, apower operable shifter for operation of said member, a power source foroperation of said shifter, and control means operative for connection ofsaid source and shifter to eii'ect movement of said member from any ofsaid driving positions into any other thereof in accordance with theposition of said selector member.

44. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission providing ashiftable driving member having right and left driving positions andanother driving position therebetween, said driving positions beingrespectively productive of different driving effects, said member alsohaving intermediate non-driving positions between said other positionand said right and left positions respectively, a selector havingpositions corresponding respectively to the different driving positionsof said member, a fluid operable shifter for said member, a pressurefluid source for operation of said shifter, and valve means operativefollowing the movement of said selector from one to another of itspositions for connection of said source and shifter to effect movementof said member from any of said driving positions to the drivingposition corresponding to the new position of the selector.

45. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission including apower source and a plurality of rate change elements driven from saidsource and shiftable into a variety of position combinationsrespectively productive of different rates, a selector movable into aplurality of positions respectively corresponding to different of saidposition combinations, shifter means operable in each of said positionsof said selector means to effect the position combination of saidelements to correspond with the selector position, and other controlmeans operative upon movement of said selector from one to anotherposition to interrupt the driving connection of said source andelements.

46. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a portion having a motion interrupting position and a ratechanger comprising a plurality of speed change elements shiftable into avariety of position combinations respectively effective for differentspeeds, brake means operative on said transmission, power operabledevices for shifting said portion, said elements and said brake means, aselector movable to a variety of positions respectively corresponding todifferent of said position combinations, a power source for operation ofsaid devices, control means positioned in accordance with the positionof said selector to connect said power source and devices to effect theposition combination of said elements corresponding to the position ofthe selector, control means operative upon-movement of said selectorfrom one positiontoanothertoalter the connection of said power sourceand devices to effect the motion interrupting position of said portion,and control means operative in each of said selector positions toconnect said power source and devices to apply said brake meanssubstantially immediately subsequent to the shifting of said portion andto later release said brake means.

47. In a machine tool the combination of transmission mechanismincluding a portion having a motion interrupting position and a ratechanger comprising a plurality of speed change elements shiftable into avariety of position combinations respectively eifective for diflerentspeeds, brake means operative on said transmission, fluid operabledevices for shifting said portion, said elements and said brake means, aselector movable to a variety of positions respectively corresponding todifferent of said element position combinations, a source of fluidpressure supply for said devices, valve means positioned in accordancewith the position of said selector to apply said pressure source to saiddevices to effect the position combination of said elementscorresponding to the position of the selector, valve means operativeupon movement of said selector member from one to another of saidpositions to alter the connection of said pressure source to effect themotion interrupting position of said portion, and valve means operativein each of said selector positions to connect said pressure source anddevices to apply said brake means substantially immediately followingthe shifting of said portion and to later release said brake means.

48. In a machine tool the combination of a support. a transmissiontherefor including reversing means shiftable to forward, reverse andmotion interrupting positions, shifting means for said reverser, a powertrain connectible for operation of said shifter, a controller foreffecting connection of said power train and shifter to selectivelyeifect said reverser positions and including a part movable to positionsrespectively corresponding to the reverser positions, a brake for saidtransmission having engaged and released positions, a brake shifter,power means connectible for operation of said brake shifter, and meanscontrolling the connection of said power means and brake shifter inaccordance with the position of said controller part and operative toeffect a released position of said brake in both forward and reversepositions of said reverser and to engage said brake in the motioninterrupting reverser position.

49. In a machine tool the combination of a support, a transmissiontherefor including reversing means shiftable to forward, reverse andmotion interrupting positions, shifting means for said reverserincluding a controller having three positions respectively correspondingto said reverser positions, a brake for said transmission having engagedand released positions, a brake shifter, power means connectible foroperation of said brake shifter, and means controlling the connection ofsaid power means and brake shifter in accordance with the position ofsaid controller member and operative to effect a released position ofsaid brake in both forward and reversed positions of said reverser andto engage said brake in the motion interrupting reverser position.

50. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission including apower source, a plurality of rate change elements connectible to benormally driven from said source and shiftable into a variety ofposition combinations respectively productive of different rates, rateselector means including a chart providing indicia respectivelycorresponding to different of said rates and an indicator movablerelative to said chart, shifter means operable in a plurality of rateindicating positions of saidchart and indicator to position saidelements in a corresponding position combination, said shifter meansincluding for one or more of said elements a power operable shifter anda power connection therefor controlled in accordance with the positionof said chart and indicator, and control means operative to alter thenormal driving effect of said power source on said elements during powerconnection of said shifter whereby to facilitate power operationthereof.

51. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission including apower source, a plurality of rate change elements connectible to benormally driven from said source and shiftable into a variety ofposition combinations respectively productive of different rates, rateselector means including a chart providing indicia respectivelycorresponding to difierent of said rates and an indicator movablerelative to said chart, shifter means operable in a plurality of rateindicating positions of said chart and indicator to position saidelements in a corresponding position combination, said shifter meansincluding for one or more of said elements a power operable shifter anda power connection therefor controlled in accordance with the positionof said chart and indicator, control means operative to alter the normaldriving effect of said power source on said elements during powerconnection of said shifter, and control means for altering said drivingconnection independently of the power connection of said shifter.

52. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission including apower source, a shiftable clutch and a plurality of rate change elementsconnectible to be driven from said power source through said clutch andshiftable into a variety of position combinations respectivelyproductive of different rates, rate selector means including a chartproviding indicia respectively correspondingto different of said ratesand an indicator movable relative to said chart, shifter means operablein various rate indicating positions of said chart and indicator toposition said elements in a corresponding position combination, saidshifter means including for one or more of said elements a poweroperable shifter and a power connection therefor controlled inaccordance with the position of said chart and indicator and controlmeans operative to shift said clutch to interrupt the driving connectionof said power source during power connection of said shifter whereby tofacilitate the power operation thereof.

53. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission including apower source, a shiftable clutch and a plurality of rate change elementsconnectible to be driven from said power source through said clutch andshiftable into a variety of position combinations respectivelyproductive of diflerent rates, rate selector means including a chartproviding indicia respectively corresponding to different of said ratesand an indicator movable relative to said chart, shifter means operablein various rate indicating positions of said chart and indicator toposition said elements in a corresponding position combination, saidshifter means including for one or more of said elements a poweroperable shifter and a power connection therefor controlled inaccordance with the position of said chart and indicator, control meansoperative to shift said clutch to interrupt the driving connection ofsaid power source during power connection of said shifter, and controlmeans for alternatively effecting a driving or interupting position ofsaid clutch independently of the power connection of said shifter.

54. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission including apower source, a shiftable clutch, a shiftable brake and a plurality ofrate change elements shiftable into a variety of position combinationsrespectively productive of different rates, said clutch and brake beingshiftable to alternatively drive said elements from said source throughsaid clutch while said brake is in released position or to interrupt thedriving connection and render said brake effective on some of theelements, and also shiftable to interrupt the driving connection whilesaid brake is in released position, rate selector means including achart providing indicia respectively corresponding to different of saidrates and an indicator movable relative to said chart, shifter meansoperable in a plurality of rate indicating positions of said chart andindicator to position said elements in a corresponding positioncombination, said shifter means including for one or more of saidelements a power operable shifter and a power connection controlled inaccordancewith the position of said chart and indicator, and controlmeans operative during power connection of said shifter to effect saidclutch and brake position interrupting the driving connection of theclutch and releasing the brake.

65. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission including apower source, a shiftable clutch, a shlftable brake and a plurality ofrate change elements shiftable into a variety of podtion combinationsrespectively productive of different rates, said clutch and brake beingshiftable to alternatively drive said elements from said source throughsaid clutch while said brake is in released position or to interrupt thedriving connection and render said brake eifective on some of theelements, and also shiftable to interrupt the driving connection whilesaid brake is in released position, rate selector means including achart providing indicia respectively corresponding to different of saidrates and an indicator movable relative to said chart, shifter meansoperable in a plurality of rate indicating positions of said chart andindicator to position said elements in a corresponding positioncombination. said shifter means including for one or more of saidelements a power operable shifter and a power connection controlled inaccordance with the position of said chart and indicator, control meansoperative during power connection of said shifter to effect said clutchand brake position interrupting the driving connection of the clutch 1.andreleasingthebrahaandcontrolmeansopera rate changer including elementsshiftable into different speed positions, in series in the orderrecited, the combination of a speed selector member movable betweenspaced positions respectively corresponding to different of said speedpositions, shifter means operative in different of said spaced selectormember positions to effect the corresponding speed positions of saidelements, and other shifter means operative in accordance with theselective movement of said selector member and operative at anintermediate point between two of said spaced selector member positionsto shift said clutch to motion interrupting position.

57. In a machine tool the combination of a transmission including apower source a plurality of rotatable rate change elements connectibleto be driven from said source and shiftable into a variety of positioncombinations respectively productive of different rates, a brakealternatively adjustable to an engaged position restraining rotation ofsome of said elements or to a disengaged position, rate selector meansincluding a chart providing indicia respectively corresponding todifferent of said rates and an indicator movable relative to said chart,shifter means operable in a plurality 'of rate indicating positions ofsaid chart and indicator to position said elements in a correspondingposition combination, said shifter means including for one or more ofsaid elements a power. operable shifter and a power connection thereforcontrolled in accordance with the position of said chart and indicator,and control means operative to position said brake in said disengagedposition during power connection of said shifter whereby to facilitatepower operation thereof.

58. In a machine tool the combination of a on including a power source aplurality of rotatable rate change elements connectible to be drivenfrom said source and shittable into a variety of position combinationsrespectively productive of different rates, a brake alternativelyadjustable to an engaged position restraining rotationofsomeofsaidelements ortoadisengaged position, rate selector meansincluding a chart providing indicia respectively correspondin: todifferent of said rates and an indicator movable relative to said chart.shifter means operablein a plurality of rate indicating positions ofsaidchart and indicator to position said elements in a correspondingposition combination, said shifter means including for one or more ofsaid elements a power operable shifter and a power connection thereforcontrolled in accordance with the position of said chart and indicater,control means operative to position said brake in said disengagedpomtion during power connection of said shifter, and control meansoperable independently of the power connection of said shifter for saidalternative adjustment of said brake to restraining or disengagedpositions.

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